Choosing the best configuration in a piezoelectric linear actuator

A linear actuator creates motion in a straight line and is useful when the application requires moving objects in a linear direction. Actuators are mostly classified based on the power source that drives them. Thus, there are hydraulically and pneumatically actuated actuators which are voice coil actuators and there are piezoelectric actuators. Each actuator type has its drawbacks and advantages. These actuators are used in industrial, commercial and even consumer applications.

Piezoelectric actuators are widely preferred because they can move loads in the sub-nanometer range as well as loads that weigh several tons.

How do piezoelectric actuators work?

Such actuators derive their energy from the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric effect can be seen in several applications in our daily lives. Cigarette lighters and lighters work from this effect. A particular group of solids crystals tend to change shape when exposed to an electrical potential.

Thus, these materials can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy (motion). They also have the potential to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The science of precision positioning and accurate motion control has undergone a sea change due to the evolution and advancement of piezoelectric actuators. A piezoelectric linear slide can also work on the same principles of piezoelectricity.

Here are some characteristics demonstrated by a piezoelectric linear actuator: Linear Actuator

It can move loads in the area under nano-meters as well as loads that weigh several tons.
These actuators act primarily on movement arising from piezoelectric materials. Because of this attribute, they must move or slide parts to cause activation. This reduces friction and mechanical delay.
Since there are no moving parts and no resulting friction, there is no wear. The overall maintenance required for a piezoelectric actuator is very low.
Design in piezo linear actuators

Piezo actuators can be configured in several different ways. The design can be optimized to fit hundreds of different applications. Here are some common actuator designs:

Guided piezo actuators: These actuators consist of highly developed nano-positioning systems with integrated piezo drives and solid state flexures. They are used when exceptionally straight and flat or multi-axis movement (up to 6 axes) is required.
Stack Actuators: This particular actuator design is used when high power is required. Manufacturers can offer stack actuator units that produce travel areas up to 500 nanometers.
Piezo tube actuators: This linear actuator category utilizes the radial contraction direction. Devices such as micropumps and scanning microscopes use piezo tube actuators.
Although these three are the commonly used actuator types, there are other configurations, such as bender and bimorphic actuators, and even cutting elements. A piezoelectric linear actuator has to be carefully chosen, and as a buyer you may want to engage the services of a reputable global company that manufactures high-performance piezo actuators.